Page 0: Page 1: Page 2: Back Safety  Your back is at work 24 hours a day.  It takes part in almost every move you make.  Because of its workload, your back is prone to injury. Page 3: Back Injuries     Are extremely painful. Are difficult to heal. Are frequently recurring. Affect everything you do. Page 4: Back Injuries Preventing back injuries is a major safety challenge. For those who suffer from back injury:  Only 3% receive training in preventing back injuries.  97% receive medical treatment. Page 5: Learn the Right Moves The best way to prevent back injuries is to learn the right moves:  Practice good posture—maintain your back’s natural curves.  Practice good body mechanics and work techniques—good habits reduce the strain placed on the back.  Maintain physical fitness. Page 6: Posture Practice good posture:  Stand or sit up straight.  Keep knees slightly bent while standing.  Keep your ears, shoulders, hips, and ankles in a straight line while standing.  Tuck in buttocks. O P Page 7: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Lifting Remember your BACK when lifting:  B—Back Straight  A—Avoid Twisting  C—Close to the body  K—Keep the lift smooth (don’t jerk) Always lift with your legs! Page 8: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Standing/walking  Keep your weight equal on both feet or with one foot up resting on a low stool.  Change positions often.  Keep head high, chin tucked in, toes straight ahead.  Wear comfortable, low-heeled shoes (less than 4 cm high) with good support.  Take short rest breaks. Page 9: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Driving  Adjust car seat so your knees are just below hip level.  Sit up straight.  Keep both hands on the steering wheel.  Use a lumbar support (or rolled-up towel) to support your lower back. Page 10: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Sitting  Sit up straight and firmly against the back of the chair.  Keep both feet flat on the floor.  Keep knees at or slightly lower than the level of your hips.  Protect your lower back with a lumbar support (or rolled-up towel). Page 11: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Sleeping  Sleep on a firm mattress.  Sleep on your side with a pillow between your bent knees or on your back with a pillow under knees.  Never sleep on your stomach, which can twist your neck and strain your back. Page 12: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Computer workstations  Keep the keyboard directly in front of you.  Place the screen at a comfortable distance.  Adjust the top of the screen to be at eye level.  Maintain your back in neutral posture.  Avoid extended reaches. Page 13: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Computer workstations  Keep forearms and hands horizontal, with your elbows vertically under your shoulders (no angle at the wrist).  Adjust the chair’s height so that your knees are level or slightly below your hips and both feet are flat on the floor. Page 14: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Manual Material Handling 1. Decrease the weight lifted by:       Modifying size, shape, and/or number of objects. Repackaging load. Holding objects close to your body. Distributing the weight of the load evenly. Using lifting teams (ask for help). Using lift assist devices (e.g., carts, dollies, forklifts, cranes). Page 15: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Manual Material Handling … continued 2. Improve the effectiveness of your work space by:  Ensuring clear and easy access to load.  Turning by moving your feet and your whole body.  Minimizing bending, twisting, and reaching below mid-thigh, above shoulder height, and beyond 50 cm. Page 16: Good Body Mechanics & Work Techniques Manual Material Handling … continued 3. Minimize frequently repeated and lengthy tasks that are the most tiring by:     Alternating heavy tasks with lighter ones. Using larger muscle groups (e.g., thighs). Reducing the number of times a load is lifted. Reducing the pace of the task. Page 17: Maintain Physical Fitness Poor physical fitness can increase the likelihood of a back injury. Regular exercise:  Strengthens back and abdominal muscles.  Promotes weight control.  Keeps bones healthy and strong. A sample stretching exercise against a wall Page 18: Page 19: